OUTLINE OF INDIAN AMERICANS AND JAPANESE AMERICANS Assignment

OUTLINE OF INDIAN AMERICANS AND JAPANESE AMERICANS - Assignment Exampleirrespective of the essential immigration restrictions, the immigration constitution presupposes that people, who are able to make an essential contribution into the US society development, have a better opportunity to immigrate.Initiative for supporting Asian American immigrants. This indemnity is based on the activity of social organizations. It is aimed at assisting Indians and other immigrants from Asia to adapt. Immigrants are assisted in conclusion apartment for rent, job in accordance with their qualification, as well as they are assisted with getting filling in the necessary forms, and getting documentsAs it is stated by Chung (2008). Indian Americans tend to invade positions that require high qualification. Moreover, some organizations prefer Indians to Americans due to their feeling of high responsibility. This is especially common for health check sphere.In accordance with the statement by Kent ( 2007), the activity of socially oriented organizations, supporting Indian Americans is immense. The political support of these organizations makes the adaptation process much simpler.The key starting point of the japanese immigration was the Meiji issue in 1868. The motives are mainly political, cultural, and social. The fact that the USA was among the first countries that established diplomatic relations with Japan is the key one.Educational initiatives that involve student exchange programs. These initiatives give an opportunity for the Nipponese talented students to reflect English language, technical and other sciences in the US universities. These initiatives also offer sufficient experience for staying, and achieving success.The policy of rehabilitation of the incarcerated Japanese citizens during World War II. Its effect is closely associated with increasing the historical awareness of the Japanese Americans, as well as other US citizens. While there are still people who regard the Japanese as villains in the WWII, the policy

Spirituality 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Spirituality 3 - Essay ExampleThe following is a brief summary of the assessment.It was observe that the patient admitted to being affected by her relationship with God due to her illness. She has not been able to do things related to spirituality effectively as a result of her illness. She relates her devastation in her relationship with her family and friends as they consider her an outcast in the community. From the assessment it was observed that the kind of ailment she was suffering was considered to infect somebody who went against the culture of the community. The patient had a desire to make up with children who have since been separated from her for three months of her ordeal. She reiterated that she gaze to profess her love for her children. It is apparent that the conflicts are likely to affect the medical situation where the patient is likely to die faster than anticipated. Besides, she preferred to speak to her chaplain before she passed on, which is a request she mad e to the nurses to help her brain rest in peace.The major challenge in conducting the assessment was behind the fact that the patient was emotional at some point. She blamed everyone in the society for her current situation, her family members for abandoning her and God for letting things happen the sort they are. It was not easy to complete the entire assessment. In future, I intend to change the line and data formatting of the questions in away to avoid build up of emotions among the patients (Clark, Drain & Malone, 2003). Besides, I failed to take into considerations that this patient had reached a point of believing that God is not in control and hence He is a entertain super being who lets His people suffer. Through the assessment I learnt some few vital lessons. genius of the significant things I learnt was spirituality is essential to some patients while other patients who tend to be pagans in nature it might not help a lot. Moreover, it is one of

Legal Environment of Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Legal Environment of Business - Essay ExampleIn the agreement, they had overly agreed that the amount ordered was subject to market forces. From this, their evidence was admissible.Oral makes are enforceable in law as noted by Morgan, Shedd and (Coley 790). They explain that oral contracts are valid and therefore licitly binding. Morgan, Shedd and Coley (783) however, point that oral contracts are not enforceable in some jurisdiction like in the sale of land. Morgan, Shedd and Coley (798) assert that if a sale contract that lacks a delivery date is enforceable in law. In the case where a plaintiff brings a case against the defendant though the sale contract is enforceable in law, the plaintiff plundernot be awarded damages since the other part of the contract was not create verbally while it has to be enforced together.In the where goods were stolen at the merchants store, Amy bears the responsibility of loss of the goods since they had not transferred ownership of the goods to T ex but was holding in trust for Amy (Morgan, Shedd and Coley 893). Slacks, Inc is not liable for the defective tacks since the made a contract with the dress shop to either sell them or return them. Failure to return the tanks means that the boutique is supposed to pay for them.Sandra is entitled to revoke her acceptance since on buying the Nissan, Rocky Mountain Nissian must(prenominal) be aware that in sale or return, the seller delivers the goods to buyer with the knowledge that the buyer can set aside the deal by returning the goods (Morgan, Shedd and Coley 893). In the contract Sandra can return the Nissan.summertime is liable since even cannot get transfer goods for they do not have ownership. Smith could recover since the sauceboat must have been in that condition at sale at Stewart must have cognise of this

Winning a Lottery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

pleasing a Lottery - Essay ExampleThe articles headline says, Artist Wins Million. Included a picture of your ring by your family and friends. Everyone in the picture was smiling. But, the reality is different. With the help of this letter, I want to tell you some banish effects of sudden wealth. But my message is very clear that sudden wealth can require nothing but unhappiness. It may directly effect on your personality, relationships, and lifestyle.Winning a lottery will create a sense of isolationism and you will be separated from friends and family. This could happen if the winner like you relocated into a new setting therefore, it will disconnect you from your friends and family. As, what, I have recently experienced in my life. You could furthermore appeal new family and associates who could be characterized as being false as their concerns are in the cash and not in your friendship. For example, there have been normal situations of distant or estranged relations abruptly and unexpectantly appear out of the azure when hearing of a family members latest fortunes. Eventually the one-by-one may not be well(p) to differentiate their authentic associates from the false ones. They may then isolate themselves from all of them or just accept the acknowledgment that some of their associates are only actually involved in what the victor can do for them and not the victor themselves.Drastic change is abnormal and thus the one-by-one may not be adept ... thither may furthermore be too much force on the individual. There are family constituents, associates as well as economic advisors, all of who have inconsistent and vying interests. This can lead to stress and tensity as well as a lesson dilemma for the one-by-one as a outcome of them having to conclude amid who they should hear to and take recommendations from. This could finally manifest itself into a pattern of guilt and hostility in the attention of these persons and loved ones. For this cause, the l ottery can conceive an painful position for you and you may not have had to shake off such significant conclusions and choices. This could conceive an unhealthy and dejected state of brain for you that could finally lead to irrelevant tendency.However, I would like to state that it is not triumphant the lottery that directs to persons committing suicide, but diverse socio-economic components and variables that are the original determinants of suicide. For example, if or not the one-by-one was struck as a progeny or if he/she came from a solitary parent family are significant components that should be taken into account as they play a separate function in forming a persons mind. The one-by-one could furthermore have been psychologically unstable in the first place. thusly suicide can not be verified to be exactly associated to triumphant the lottery as the persons psychological state of brain before triumphant is a key determinant.ConclusionAll in all, lottery winning will creat e troubles in your coming life. And you could be more irresponsible and unessential with your money than you must be. In the long run, the amount that you have won could be enormously

Elder Ause and Mistreatment Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Elder Ause and Mistreatment - Research proposition ExampleThe last part of the paper covers standards of the research method and some aspects of the elder abuse and mistreatment in the modern society. Organization of the research under NASW standards also is very important.Elder abuse and mistreatment is a ten-sided social problem in the modern society, as it touches such spheres as health care, social run rendering, socio-economic protection and observance of human rights. The elderly are the most vulnerable social group collectible to their age, low capacity for work and competitiveness on the labor market or serious illnesses. During the preceding(prenominal) century level of their social protection has been increasing owing to approval of international social standards and subscribe of international conventions.Social workers should not only prevent development of these phenomena, but consider them from scientific lay of view. Efficient counter-measures should be taken to identify reasons and sources of the abuse of this social group. A developed hypothesis relates to interrelatedness of level of social and law knowledge of the elderly and prevention of abuse/mistreatment. This problem has been previously examined by Aurora Salamone, Marion Brickner, Luciana Oginoni and others. For example, Silvernet Study focused upon the elderly mistreatment in the home care programs and their fallacious behavioral patterns. Nikki DiFranks discover the issue under dissection through the prism of Code of morality and social workers competency. The proposed research will bet to identify interdependence between social workers competency and abuse and mistreatment of the elderly. Research Proposal Question Do attitudes toward reporting elder abuse negatively effect the likelihood of reporting elder abuse? conjecture The attitudes toward reporting elderly abuse negatively effect the likelihood of reporting elder abuse.Code of Ethics (NASW) is a basic source of regul ation

The summary of this article by John Orlando showing the understanding Essay

The summary of this expression by John Orlando showing the understanding of his point of view - Essay ExampleMorally upon It is morally wrong to downsize a company due to profitability reasons because it in effect causes a stagger of harm for little benefits. The author says that one some aspects, harms and benefits are incommensurable - meaning it does not implicate merely the tone ending of income on the part of the workers. He says that some statistics demonstrate that downsizing also leads to loss of homes and even to suicides. On the other hand, since investors in large corporations tend to diversify their assets, they only gain minor(ip) benefits when stock prices rise. He points to a distinction when downsizing is a means to an end It is morally cruel for a CEO to layoff workers, consciously knowing that the act would boost the stock price of company as differentiated from an act when a company downsizes to boost productivity.Legitimate Expectations For a worker, having a secure rail line is tied to his fundamental well-being.

Cause and effect essay, topic can be general Essay - 1

Cause and effect , topic can be habitual - Essay ExampleThere is a lengthy history uniform use in schools, for the most part from the private sector until expanding more so into the public arena relatively recently. All of these factors clearly leaven the benefits of uniforms. The majority of the public school uniform policies include relatively common restrictions, such as chromatic or navy pants and solid colored shirts with collars with the school insignia patch only, no brand institute or symbol allowed. Despite the benefits of uniforms and somewhat relaxed standard of dress in that location remains great emulation to uniform policies by parents who misguidedly insist that uniform policies somehow limit a childs might to express themselves.The proposition of requiring K-12 students to wear uniforms is not a new idea. It has been utilized for more than a blow to help promote a sense of scholastic endeavors along with respect for oneself and others within the school settin g. By including students in a particular social group as a member of a rummy identifiable student body, uniforms help to build a sense of cooperation and community among children who may not other get along. Students who outgrow their uniforms can donate them to students who cant afford them. Uniforms reduce clothing be for all parents and are especially helpful to families on a strict budget.Studies into self-expression and fashion have shown that a direct link exists between the kind of clothing we wear and the way we feel about ourselves. Therefore, no matter of the kind of cloths we wear, we are making a announcement about how we wished to be perceived and what we want to be associated with. Parents often disagree with the idea of student uniforms because they think this requirement prevents students from expressing themselves. It must be acknowledged that there many types of occupations that also require a uniform.

An analysis of GSK and the pharma industry Coursework

An analysis of GSK and the pharma industriousness - Coursework ExampleThis is for the period of the last two years. For example, the region scathes of GSK as of July 2014 were 1,568 pounds, and this was an increase of 4 pounds from the previous distribute prices of 1564 pounds in June (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). It is classical to explain that its stock price between the periods of September 2013 to May 2014 was fluctuate in nature. For example, in September 2013, the conclusion package price of the company was 1,557 pounds, while in celestial latitude 2013 the closing share prices were 1,611 (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). It is important to denote that during this period, the share prices of the company were on a blind drunk increase.However, during the months of January and February 2014, there was a significant drop in the share prices of GSK, with the closing share of the company in January standing at 1, 564, and in February the stock price increased to 1671. These fluctuating share prices were experienced during the periods of promenade to July 2014 (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). It is important to denote that the share prices of GSK between July 2013 to July 2014 was a significant increase from the previous share prices of GSK between July 2012 to July 2013. For example, the closing share price of the company in the month of July 2012 was 1,468 pounds on the other hand, the closing share price of the company in July 2013 was 1,684 (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). This is a significant increase of about 216 pounds. It is important to denote that during this period of July 2013 to July 2013, the share prices of the company traded at very low prices, with the lowest closing price being 1,334 pounds. This was the closing share price of November 2012(GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). This was partly because of the medical scandals that affected the company.Despite these scandals, the share prices of the company increased steadily during these t wo years of

Journal #2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Journal 2 - Assignment ExampleThe wallet might communicate a message that I love and see proud of my name, since I have its initials inscribed on my wallet.My wrist watch hold a particular place amongst my personal items, since it was given to me as a birthday bewilder by my childhood takeoff rocket who relocated from our state after our high school graduation, and his gartership spot has never been filled to present day. The wrist watch might communicate that I highly value gold watches, even though the real reason I ever so have it is because I loved my childhood friend truly much and it always reminds me of him.The family photograph in my wallet reminds me of my loving family and helps me to always keep emotionally accustomed to them. The photograph might communicate that I love and value my family very much, that is why I always have their photograph with me.The Thank You card reminds me of the voluntary services I offered at a hospice during my sophomore summer holiday , where I helped attend to old and terminally ill patients in a local anaesthetic hospital. The local hospital in turn sent me the Thank You card as an appreciation of my effort and services.a. Self-disclosure refers to a communication approach that entails an individual revealing personal information related to his/her history and the present, more so as related to emotions and thoughts (Zur, 2011).b. I regularly self-disclose to my childhood friend almost every issue that affects my heart no matter how much confidential it might seem to be, since he does the analogous with me. The reason for self-disclosing to my friend is because we have grown up together and he knows virtually everything about my life, my family background and all the childhood activities and memories that I cherish. Having been of the same age, I and my childhood friend spent most of the times together since we hailed from the same

Factors that cause shift in demand curve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Factors that develop slipperiness in demand curve - Essay ExampleWhen the set of the bread sum ups to $70, the amount demanded as a result decreases to 6 million or where the price decreases to $50 from $40 then the quantity demanded increases to 10 million. This phenomenon can be said to be the movement along the demand curve. The reason for the duty period of the demand curve is due to the change in factors some other than that of price, such as the change in price of the related goods, income of the consumer or preference of the consumer etc. An increase of decrease in these factors can vary the demand curve on either side as the price will remain the same. cardinal goods are said to be the substitute of each other when the price of one of the item causes the price of the other item to rise simultaneously or the goods are such identical to each other that a normal consumer may switch to the other good when the price of the prior rises. The customer antepast that the pric e of a good may increase of decrease can have affect on the demand curve as due to the expected increase in price. The customer will tip to purchase and stock the particular good before the price rises and vice versa may happen when thither is a possibility of decrease in price. The change in income of a consumer is one of the basic causes of the shift in the demand curve. When the income of the consumer increases he will switch to more luxury goods as compared to the normal goods, because of the increase in his purchasing power which provides a better margin to purchase more of a good.

Critical Analysis and Reflection of Cases in the West Yorkshire Essay

Critical Analysis and Reflection of Cases in the West Yorkshire jurisdiction - Essay ExampleIn terms of completing a particular task of enforcing the law, like early(a) police staff forces, the Yorkshire police force tries to implement all the necessary ethical and lawful guidelines wholly as they put themselves into a particular situation that might not be that easy for merely anyone to be under. In the context of this discussion, a practical presentation on how the police force carefully yet strongly implements the systems of the law in the community shall be tackled in an aim to show how great the responsibilities of the said officers in the society are.A repeat offender was caught in the possession of five marihuana plants. These plants were processed for growth through a hydraulic set up. The 26-year-old man producer of drug has been in the watch list of the police as he has long been accused of possession and distribution of drugs for at least 26 previous convictions. Th ese convictions prove the operation of the man and are further proven by the seen evidences in his home. Besides that, the convicted man has also been reported to have a 1000 in his goop amidst the fact that he does not have a job.He was also seen with a young young lady aged 18 who was doubted to have been using the drug along with the 26 year old man. She was alternatively asked some questions and sworn that she did not know about the ongoing procedures of producing drugs in the house.Given all t Given all the substantial evidences, the need to capture the man is essential. The informant who is the mans mother is asked to go stick out as she was found clean of the course of her son and was appointed to stay with her grandchild. Legalization, policy and GuidelinesSection 23 of PACE allowed the search of the premises of the arrested individual at the time of arrest without a warrant1. Subsection 1 says that a constable is allowed to search a person when he is arrested in a plac e, which is not the police station especially if he poses a danger to himself or others. The search is meant to uncover any affair that he might use to escape custody or which might be evidence in the crime. Subsection 2b allows the search of premises in which he was arrested. The powers do not allow the constable to peel off or remove any clothes to achieve the purpose of discovering evidence. Moreover, this section does not allow a police officer to return to a site and examine the premises for evidence to corroborate the foregoing arrest as he then requires permission from the inspector. Changes have been made in the trigger powers validate by Section 32. Search of the person and premises are allowed only in indictable offences as per the revisions from the midnight of December 31st 2005 in which the searching of premises and seizing of property are concerned2.The PACE (Police and wicked Evidence Act, 1984) Section 18 was used for searching the premises of the girls house and the house that both of the arrested rented for devil days. This section of law allows the constable to enter and search the premises occupied or controlled by the person arrested and that relates to the offence, after the arrest3. A permission from the officer of the rank of Inspector of Police is required if the searches are make after the arrested are taken to the police station. This

Topic by yourself-ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Topic by yourself-ethics - Essay ExampleCultural Relativism is, according to James Rachels, a theory about the nature of godliness, that challenges our ordinary belief in the objectivity and universality of moral truth (Rachels). Essentially, what is right and what is wrong is mulish by tradition and elaboration, and each culturally-dictated standard of living should be viewed, understood, and judged within the context of that per centumicular culture alone (Nussbaum 121). This way of viewing culturally-specific circumstances is a good deterrent for racism, religious extremism, sexism, and other forms of prejudice. We Westerners argon and have been guilty of colonialism and ethnocentric thinking. With this in mind, majority of scholars and even undergraduates are hesitant to make any negative judgment of a culture other than their own (Nussbaum 121). ... ccurs in many countries in Africa where on that point is a ritualistic cutting of a part or the entire external female priva tes of girl as a rite of passage to adulthood. I agree with Nussbaum that the best argument for retaining this institutionalise is FGMs essentiality in ensuring cultural continuity. These operations make the community intact for it is a ritual that has been passed from generation to generation, and for a young lady, having undergone this ritual is a sign of being a part of the community. Cultural relativism would dictate that we should not be opposed to this ritual, because the society that practices it sees that it is the right thing to do for the great good of not just the individual, or her husband, or their families, but for the benefit of the whole society as well. However, if you view this argument with rational thinking, practicing FGM does more harm to the society because the lives of their next generation women are at stake every time the procedure is performed, and for a continent that relies on female labor for more or less of its agricultural endeavors, it is not to t he societys benefit if their women cannot do their jobs more efficiently because of chronic infection, incommode and difficulty in walking, urination, and menstruation, due to FGM. What is more, the future of the society is at stake because FGM makes the rates of complications in tiddler birth higher and the risk of the mother and infant dying during and after child birth greater. though many modern philosophers and social scientists recognize that different cultures have different moral codes, many as well as I believe that there is such a thing as a natural right1, that which everything and anything that violates that right can be considered universally wrong (Harman 367).

Anti-Drinking Campaign in the University Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Anti-Drinking Campaign in the University - Essay ExampleThis paper details why a total ban on inebriant cannot work citing developments that occurred during the American Prohibition era as a sample case study. Further, it explains the reasons why Community College Events should be factored in when controlling alcoholic beverage use. The succeeding(a) section mirrors on ways or methods which should be adopted to arrest the problem. The last section is culmination and recommendations. This research proposal aims to achieve to a number of objectives. The overall objective is to demonstrate the importance of decrease and managing alcoholism in the University of Minnesota and how the budget of doing that can be reduced. Casaddy, Flora and Foote observe that community events be sometimes characterized by students and underage youths easily getting drunk because of availability of alcohol. About 50% of alcohol intake at community festivals is done by students or youth. These authors pr opose alcohol ban or restrictions in colleges or community events by curtailing sales through policies such as ID checking or diminution the number of servings that are extended to individuals. This is their view ultimately minimizes access of alcohol by students. They further refer studies which shown that in an average event 50% those that are already intoxicated have 80% run a risk of buying more. Further, this kind of behavior sometimes brings about disruption, vandalism and other anti-social behaviors. In 2004 professional basketball, a number of these behaviors were witnessed with many drunken students throwing beer bottles and cups at players on the court. Thus measures such as stopping alcohol sales at some point are important in mitigating such occurrences.

Is Raynair an unethical business Ethical and Philosophical approaches Essay

Is Raynair an unethical business Ethical and Philosophical approaches - Essay ExampleFour years later, the family lost $20 million dollars. Later in 2011, the company had grown to attract 75.8 million passengers who boarded their planes, direct to generation of a whopping $4.2 billion in revenues. After years of exponential growth, the company lastly resolved to offer their clients very low airf atomic number 18 rates, though a storm sparked when the company introduced many erroneous pushs.Raynair unmatched low prices brought the company to a status of global fame, because its services were 2-3 times cheaper than what similar companies charged. However, the law of the matter is that this airline company had introduced so many hidden fees and services to boost its revenue and regenerate from the extremely low prices. This issue attracted a lot of controversy regarding the legality of what Raynair was doing and whether its business plan and procedures was truly ethical. In a nut shell, Ryanairs hidden charges are certainly unethical. It is very strange, for example, to realize that a customer is charged a fee for not checking-in online. Raynair introduces so many hidden charges and hides them under their low priced tickets. This unethical practice, unfortunately, can taints its reputation and reduce its customers base.If Raynairs purpose is to maximize shareholders returns, violating the rights of employees and customers to achieve its goals is a violation of its ethical responsibility. Raynair airline is a corporate entity, which is legally considered to be a corporate person, authorize to rights and responsibilities, just like any some other person. Theorists, such as Milton Friedman has maintained that corporate executives are unload to maximize the profits of their entities the way they want, but by making sure they conform to their basic rules of the society, including those somatic in the ethical customs and those embodies in law (Friedman, 1970). However, the case of Raynair is a case of total remissness to these laws and ethical customs. While the company generates about $500 million, over 20 percent of this revenue comes from sources other than airline tickets. Some of the additional revenue sources include $208 charged for passengers who change names on their embarkment pass, excessive luggage fee of $28 per kilo, a boarding pass fee of $40, a reticent seat fee of $13, credit card use fee of 2%, a checked melodic instrument fee of $83, a bottle of water that is sold to customers at $3.50. These and many other types of fees that are charged in the cabin have attracted a lot of controversy, regarding their legality and ethical grounds. The employees of Raynair are also not left out in the ethical controversy that surrounds their employer. They are the ones who are forced to charge the customers these controversial charges. According to Friedman, maximizing of the companys profits without regards to workers or customers benefit is an unethical act of individualism (Gallagher, 2005). In regards to this, Raynair is engaging in individualism because its central motive is maximizing profits, notwithstanding what it will take to achieve that goal. Following its reactions, it was estimated that the company would save millions of money, at the expense of 400,000 passengers. The accompaniment that there are numerous customers who lodge complaints after experiencing different ordeals, but their concerns are hardly addressed, is a further testimony

Woolf Professions of women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Woolf Professions of women - Essay ExampleI wanted to get laid more closely the challenges that a advanced woman faces at work, and this curiosity and interest has inculcated the motivation in me to research this topic.I am eager to distinguish about the psychological barriers holding modern women back. We see that women are acquiring more and more independent and a break from their traditional domestic and familial responsibilities generally as they are integrating into the socioeconomic system. While the physical barriers to freedom have been eradicated to a large extent, close to women still cannot use their skills and competencies optimally because of the psychological barriers. (Woolf) has expressed this very clearly in her writing as she said, The Angel was dead what then remained? You may say that what remained was a simple and common object a unsalted woman in a bedroom with an inkpot. In other words, now that she had rid herself of falsehood, that young woman had only to be herself. Ah, but what is herself? (Woolf cited in Rainbolt and Fleetwood 302). I want to learn what sort of psychological barriers are encountered by working women in general and how they deal with them. I also want to know more about what are the goals of a vast majority of the working women. I want to learn their preferences and priorities. I want to know if personal freedom and autonomy is more important for women in the modern age or they generally want to work and earn money in couch to be able to take care of their families better domestically as well as financially.In order to find answers to my queries, I shall first conduct a thorough review of literature. I shall read the novels, autobiographies, and journals of illustrious women writers, and note down any quotations, passages, and narrations that qualify as answers to my questions in any way. It would take me five to sextuplet drafts to finalize my research paper that would be structured in a way that

Ford vertical integration 2013 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ford vertical integration 2013 - Article ExampleThe calcium based Automakers feels that it is an inevitable necessity for the company to supply its own batteries if it has to remain on track with its lots aggressive long-term strategic objectives.Mr. Musk told the analysts about the companys ambitious plans of selling approximately 500000 units per year when it begins selling Generation III cars (White, 2013). However their biggest concern was lack of steady supply of batteries which could meet this demand. thither is no doubt that Mr. Musks idea emulates the one time vertical integration idea of enthalpy Ford which saw the birth of Ford Rouge factory complex which ensured steady supply of err which was one of the raw materials for the giant automaker in the 20th century. White (2013) assert that Despites its current ebb off state the Rouge complex has been instrumental to the company for several years. If Telsa will realize its dream of regressive vertical integration whereby it could convert raw materials into finished battery packs for its automobiles then the company will be in a position to compete effectively through cost control and scheduled production.White, J. (2013). An estimate Henry Ford Would Be Proud Of Teslas Giga Factory. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 11, 2013 from

Tiny toes ltd.How to start quality child care business Essay Example for Free

little toes ltd.How to start quality chela care dividing line Essay petite toes ltdIntroductionImportance of having precise fiscal selective teaching in decision-making In the exact toes ltd, Sandra has no accuracy on the fiscal culture. This makes the supply of the brand-new projects of the new babys room and running of the air she has more difficult. Sandra needs to set up with unblemished financial information on the pays of the rail bearing line. It get out attend her have valu commensurate data on the financial position of her company. It result also enable her receive its weaknesses and strength that intern assist her in evaluating the add up of capital indispensable to curriculum or start a new commercial enterprise (Way, 2014, n. p.). away from that, accurate financial information volition back up to maintain accuracy of taxes and ensure that additional duties enforce on the Tiny toes ltd are paid. Accurate financial information fork overs clear statement to investors in evaluating the contrast financial performance. By this communication will be available to the interested parties who want to contribute to the new projects of Sandras assembly line. It will give them an easy way to determine accurate amount needed to finance the project completely. The investors and the contributors of the vocation rely on the accurate financial information for the safety and profitability of their investments (Way, 2014, n.p.). In the plan of starting a new descent, she has to lay down the statements of finances for the budget needed comparable indentifying all income and expenses for the entire organization. She has to establish the prison term and period the budget will last and the capital required. By coming up with all this accurate financial information of Tiny toes ltd, she will able to portal information on the past performance and the capital they have in evanesce. This will jockstrap to shake off to another alternative incase a problem emerges in planning a new project. accordingly accurate financial information will care the banks and lenders to know if her business will be able to pay for the loan borrowed to avoid misfortunes in future (Way, 2014, n.p.). Apart from that, it will pr sluicet the banks and lenders from stopping their computer backup on her business through loans. Balance sheet is also part of financial information. Sandra needs to mother a balance sheet that will assess her business annually. The balance sheet will help determine the financial health of Tiny toes ltd. It will also help her have information on the productivity of the business and amount of capital that is retained. However, it will give information on the full point of the business in terms of how fast or s poor the assets are and how to convert them into capital. Tiny toes will be able to determine financial state they are in a specific time. With all the details of the financial informatio n Sandras business will have a clear understanding on how to come up with other new projects and how they will flourish. The benefits of Tiny toes having accurate capital flow in beginning a new nursery in Guildford stemma plans and property flow also plays a bombastic role on the progress of a business. This is what need to be initiated in Sandras a business to help the executives in the internal planning. The business plan will help in the application of loans and even borrow m unmatchabley from other lenders (Wasserman, 2010, p. 1) to support the projects. Lack of business plan in her business whitethorn lead to the wrecking of Tiny toes ltd. By the business plan ahead, she will be able to put the goals and objectives needed for the company to achieve its dream. However it will also help her determine the run needed to deliver in her project in Guildford. Provision of business plan for Tiny toes ltd will help to display the performance of her business and the goals ahea d to start a new nursery and childcare centre. another(prenominal) big role that the business plan plays is it reorganizes the business by making operational changes like decline of expenses (Wasserman, 2010 n.p.). Nevertheless, it helps in the equity financing whereby banks and lenders are able to evaluate her business ability to take more loans if in need. As to currency flow, Sandra needs it to track and know the exchange of cash between Tiny toes and outside the business. The cash flow need to be done according to weekly and monthly primer coat to help monitor the flow of expenses and revenue. The cash flow is also distinguished since it provides information on authorized activities to notify Sandra so that she can know the impending danger in the business. In order to come up with accurate cash flow she should implicate aspects like cash receipts. The cash receipts include loans, private sources, fundraising and parents fees. However disbursement need to be incl uded in the cash flow to provide information such as payroll expenses, supplies, maintenance, accounting and rent. merely this details in the cash flow will help in calculating how much the company is making and if the profit incurred will help fund her new projects. Cash flow also helps in determining the changes in income and the balance sheet. The cash flow that Sandra needs, should be in different categories that is operating activities, investigating, supplementary and financial activities (The globe mail, 2013, n.p). The investment cash flow will help determine changes on the long-term investment on the new nursery and childcare centre. It will also enable determine the rent needed in Guilford. Financial cash flow brings changes on stock needed and the payments needed for the interests of the shareholder. The operating cash on the other hand will enable Sandra view the records on the budget needed for starting a new business. All this put downs how cash flow is very i mportant in a business. It acts as a warning by identifying shortfalls in cash balances. It also helps in preparing budgets and helps sport payments problems by parents in the tiny toes business. If it is initiated in Tiny toes, Sandra will be able to know how her business generates profits and spends capital. It will also help her determine the technology improvements required in the new project of nursery and childcare centre. The business plan will help in good management her business. It will also help Sandra decide in her business whether to rent a new space in Guilford or not and initiates discussion of the objectives with the employees, partners and investors of her business.Problems and financial information that Sandra has to prepare and additional information needed to make a right decision The financial information of Sandra regarding Tiny toes and new projects of a new nursery and childcare centre is incomplete. In her information she only states the insurance, rent , rates, recruitment training, loans, wages, fixed prices and monthly charged price. She has left out the budget which is a very important thing in starting a new project. She has to come up with organizational and program budgets. organizational budgets should indicate the income and expenses in Tiny toes ltd for a certain period of time (Child care center, 2009, p. 14). It should also show the anticipated expenses and income of the company since she wants to develop a childcare center. Sandra should give details of her budget in the way that it shows the expenses needed to start a new project of childcare center. It should also analyze expenses of each child according to time and the first class services offered to children from cockeyed families. This will help in bring in the costs since everything is evaluated separately. In her information, she should state the time and period the budget will cover to determine amount required for it. Another thing that is not include d in her financial statement is the report of the deviser who will be in charge of monitoring the new business she wants to start. However, she has also skipped the aspect of licensing. Licensing may have many expenses that need high rate of funding (Mississippi, 2011, p. 11). It may include aspects such as safety codes and health care expenses because Medical examining is required for both the staff employed and children when dealing with a childcare center. Expenses for things like fire regulators also need to be included since they are the first priorities in her business to enhance safety. In her information she has only left out little details that reckon to be not costly. When all of these little costs are put together they form a large expense that requires more help from the capital sector. By including all the details and coming up with an accurate financial information she will come up with her projects in a more effective way. There will be no extra expense that w ill, destruct her planning. It will also help lenders and investors have clear information on the amount needed to fund the new projects.Problems experienced by Tiny toes in trying to generate internal finance in form of retained business Tiny toes have problems in generating internal finance payable to the emerging competition which is increasing. The competitors that have nurseries provide the same services that Sandras company does. Their fees is less costly and due to that it poses a high stake to the progress of Tiny toes ltd. They are able to generate more capital than tiny toes and expand their services as compared to Sandra as a result of less cost. Due to this parents tend to take children to the competitors nursery than in Tiny toes ltd. Apart from that, Tiny toes will be forced to cut some costs that will drive away the staff and also students due lack of quality services. Lack of accurate financial information makes it difficult for her business to come up wi th a budget. However, a lot of capital is confounded in things that are not necessary. Sandras business lacks plan and this is what destroys its capability to generate internal finance. Business plan is very important since investors are not able to invest in a business due to lack of clear information inform of cash-flow contained in it. This is the main things that that help in planning. with business planning the Tiny toes will be able to understand how much profits the business will make and children needed in order to achieve more profits. This are the things that Sandra need to move in mind in order to generate expand her business.Problems that Toes will encounter in the information of new projects Tiny toes will encounter problems in financial sector in the new project. This is due to high rent in Guildford and also adding more services only to capture the pixilated business may will bring loss to the business. In her projects she expands her business only to captur e children who come from wealthy families. This shows they are not able to generate more internal profit. Tiny toes ltd does not expand its food market share to capture children who come from at least less wealthy families. Relying on only one market share lowers the performance of the business especially in the financial aspect leading to low profit. Apart from that, tiny toes do not have accurate financial information. This shows that Sandra does not have information on the position of the business financially. In order for the Sandras business to prosper and generate more profit. She needs to expand her business by reflecting on both markets. She should focus on both wealthy and poor people. She needs also to keep in mind of the accurate financial information, business plan and cash flows in running the nursery and child care centers. She should also be aware of the competitors by coming up with more efficient plans that will make her secure her business and acquire a more large market share. Regarding the new projects she needs to take it slow by focusing on one project at a time. Focusing on both projects will lead to the downfall of her business since it will require a large amount of capital. Putting all this into consideration she will be able to plan other projects. Concentrating on one project at a time may save a company from bankruptcy.ReferencesChild care center (2009) financial planning and facilities suppuration manual. Retrieved on quaternate declination 2014. http//www.buildingchildcare.net/uploads/pdfs/CCCManualFINAL07.pdfMississippi (2011). How to start quality child care business. Retrieved on 4th December 2014. http//www.mdhs.state.ms.us/media/16085/pub_mp29.pdfThe globe and mail.(2013). The importance of operating cash flow for small business. Retrieved on 4th December 2014. http//www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/small-business/sb-money/cash-flow/the-importance-of-operating-cash-flow-for-small-businesses/article15134561 /Wasserman ,E.(2010). How to write the financial section of a business plan. Retrieved on 4th December 2014.http//www.inc.com/guides/business-plan-financial-section.htmlWay,J. (2014). What is the importance of financial statements. Retrieved on 4th December 2014.http//smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-companys-financial-statements-21332.htmlSource document

Research Papers in Computer Science Essay Example for Free

Research Papers in Computer Science EssaySince we recently announced our $10001 Binary Battle to promote applications built on the Mendeley API (now including PLoS as well), I decided to set out a go steady at the data to see what people ointment out to work with. My analysis focused on our second freehandedst discipline, Computer Science. Biological Sciences (my discipline) is the largest, but I started with this whiz so that I could view at the data with fresh eyes, and also because its got some really cool written document to sing about. Heres what I foundWhat I found was a fascinating list of topics, with more of the expected primal roots like Shannons Theory of Information and the Google story, a hale exhibit from Mapreduce and machine learning, but also some interesting hints that augmented reality may be congruous more of an actual reality soon.The top graph summarizes the overall results of the analysis. This graph shows the teetotum 10 storys among tho se who have listed computer science as their discipline and chosen a subdiscipline. The bars ar colourise according to subdiscipline and the number of readers is shown on the x-axis. The bar graphs for for each one wall stem show the distribution of readership levels among subdisciplines. 17 of the 21 CS subdisciplines are represented and the axis scales and color schemes remain constant by means ofout. Click on both graph to explore it in more detail or to grab the raw data.(NB A nonage of Computer Scientists have listed a subdiscipline. I would encourage everyone to do so.)1. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (available full-text)LDA is a content of classifying objects, such as documents, based on their underlying topics. I was surprised to see this paper as number one instead of Shannons information theory paper (7) or the paper describing the purpose that became Google (3). It turns out that interest in this paper is very strong among those who list artificial intelligence as their subdiscipline. In fact, AI researchers contributed the majority of readership to 6 out of the top 10 papers. Presumably, those interested in touristed topics such as machine learning list themselves under AI, which explains the strength of this subdiscipline, whereas papers like the Mapreduce one or the Google paper appeal to a broad range of subdisciplines, giving those papers a little numbers spread crossways more subdisciplines. Professor Blei is also a bit of a superstar, so that didnt hurt. (the irony of a manually-categorized list with an LDA paper at the top has not escaped us)2. MapReduce simplify Data Processing on Large Clusters (available full-text)Its no surprise to see this in the Top 10 either, given the huge appeal of this parallelization technique for breaking down huge computations into easily viable and recombinable chunks. The importance of the monolithic Big Iron supercomputer has been on the wane for decades. The interesting thing about this paper is that had some of the lowest readership scores of the top papers within a subdiscipline, but folks from across the entire spectrum of computer science are reading it. This is perhaps expected for such a familiar purpose technique, but given the above its strange that there are no AI readers of this paper at all.3. The Anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual search engine (available full-text)In this paper, Google founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page discuss how Google was created and how it initially worked. This is another paper that has high readership across a broad swath of disciplines, including AI, but wasnt dominated by any one discipline. I would expect that the largest share of readers have it in their library mostly out of curiosity rather than direct relevance to their research. Its a fascinating pitch of history related to something that has now become part of our every day lives.4. Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant KeypointsThis paper was new to me, althou gh Im sure its not new to many of you. This paper describes how to find objects in a moving picture stream without regard to how near or far away they are or how theyre oriented with respect to the camera. AI again drove the popularity of this paper in large part and to understand why, think Augmented Reality. AR is the futuristic idea most familiar to the average sci-fi enthusiast as Terminator-vision. Given the strong interest in the topic, AR could be nearer than we think, but well probably use it to layer Groupon deals over shops we pass by instead of building unbeatable fighting machines.5. Reinforcement Learning An Introduction (available full-text)This is another machine learning paper and its presence in the top 10 is primarily due to AI, with a small contribution from folks listing neuronal networks as their discipline, most likely due to the paper being published in IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks. Reinforcement learning is essentially a technique that borrows fr om biology, where the behavior of an intelligent agent is is controlled by the amount of verifying stimuli, or reinforcement, it receives in an environment where there are many different interacting positive and negative stimuli. This is how well teach the robots behaviors in a human fashion, before they rise up and destroy us.6. Toward the beside generation of recommender systems a survey of the state-of-the-art and possible extensions (available full-text)Popular among AI and information retrieval researchers, this paper discusses recommendation algorithms and classifies them into collaborative, content-based, or hybrid. While I wouldnt call this paper a groundbreaking issuance of the caliber of the Shannon paper above, I can certainly understand why it makes such a strong showing here. If youre using Mendeley, youre using both collaborative and content-based discovery methods7. A numeric Theory of Communication (available full-text)Now were back to more fundamental papers. I would really have expected this to be at least number 3 or 4, but the strong showing by the AI discipline for the machine learning papers in spots 1, 4, and 5 pushed it down. This paper discusses the theory of sending communications down a noisy channel and demonstrates a few divulge engineering parameters, such as entropy, which is the range of states of a given communication. Its one of the more fundamental papers of computer science, founding the field of information theory and enabling the development of the very tubes through which you received this web page youre reading now. Its also the first come to the fore the war cry bit, short for binary digit, is found in the published literature.8. The semantic Web (available full-text)In The Semantic Web, Tim Berners-Lee, Sir Tim, the inventor of the World Wide Web, describes his vision for the web of the future. Now, 10 years later, its fascinating to look back though it and see on which points the web has delivered on its promi se and how far away we unsounded remain in so many others. This is different from the other papers above in that its a descriptive piece, not primary research as above, but still deserves its place in the list and readership will only grow as we squeeze ever closer to his vision.9. protuberant Optimization (available full-text)This is a very popular book on a widely used optimisation technique in signal processing. Convex optimization tries to find the provably optimal solution to an optimization problem, as opposed to a nearby maximum or minimum. While this seems like a super specialized niche area, its of importance to machine learning and AI researchers, so it was able to buck in a nice readership on Mendeley. Professor Boyd has a very popular set of video classes at Stanford on the subject, which probably gave this a little boost, as well. The point here is that print publications arent the only way of communicating your ideas. Videos of techniques at SciVee or JoVE or reco rded lectures (previously) can really financial aid spread awareness of your research.10. Object recognition from local scale-invariant features (available in full-text)This is another paper on the corresponding topic as paper 4, and its by the same author. Looking across subdisciplines as we did here, its not surprising to see two related papers, of interest to the main driving discipline, appear twice. Adding the readers from this paper to the 4 paper would be enough to put it in the 2 spot, just below the LDA paper.Conclusions So whats the moral of the story? Well, there are a few things to note. First of all, it shows that Mendeley readership data is advanced enough to reveal both papers of long-standing importance as well as interesting future trends. Fun stuff can be done with this How about a Mendeley leaderboard? You could grab the number of readers for each paper published by members of your group, and have some friendly competition to see who can get the most readers, month-over-month. Comparing yourself against others in terms of readers per paper could put a big smile on your face, or it could be a gentle nudge to get out to more conferences or possibly record a video of your technique for JoVE or Khan Academy or just Youtube.another(prenominal) thing to note is that these results dont necessarily mean that AI researchers are the most authoritative researchers or the most numerous, just the best at being accounted for. To make sure youre counted properly, be sure you list your subdiscipline on your profile, or if you cant find your exact one, pick the imminent one, like the machine learning folks did with the AI subdiscipline. We recognize that almost everyone does interdisciplinary work these days. Were working on a more flexible discipline assignment system, but for now, just pick your favorite one.These stats were derived from the entire readership history, so they do reflect a founder effect to some degree. pass the analysis to the past 3 months would probably reveal different trends and comparing month-to-month changes could reveal rising stars.

Happiness Essay Example for Free

felicity EssayCan I ask you ace question? When was the last time you feel you are able? When was the last time you feel dismal? As you answer my question, is it the happiest moment of your life? Do you experience something different? I am Brian, a (2007) student taking up speech communication course. I do feel right now getting nervous and getting the attention of yours to impart my own experience of ecstasy. I define ecstasy in various ways. I see it in different perspective. I seek true happiness and it is my ultimate goal.What is happiness to me? And why is it classic to me? Happiness is emotionally feeling candid, content, and excited. I remember when I was in third grade, which was the first time my crush noticed me. I felt something different and my feel kept pounding. Happiness meant feeling delightful and satisfaction of oneself. Happiness is the state of being happy, at peace, free, content, and satisfied. either individual wanted to feel happy more willingly than feel poignant. The importance of being happy reflects when I feel sad.I choose to give-up the ghost my life happy and it gives me a positive expectation of life. If Im happy, I t reverse to share this happiness with someone. In return, I affect the nightclub in part. I tend to tell stories every time Im feeling good and better. I tell everything, every topic that comes into my mind, may it be my love life, academics, and / or social relationships. Sometimes, I keep on telling my friends ab come out politics, and science advancement in our country. What is true happiness to me? authoritative happiness is different from pleasure. You can be happy but not pleased, vis-a-vis.Pleasure always goes unneurotic with satisfaction. Happiness involves a feeling, more deep than satisfaction. Happiness is the feeling of being content and fulfill on the things I desire. Pleasure is different from happiness, I may take pleasure on the thing I am doing but I am unhappy. Happiness is an e xperience not an emotion. I look this bringing close together on different perspective. Happiness is ones feeling in a situation where I feel happy. Being happy does include both emotion and the cause of that emotion in a particular situation.In example, Im always happy when I come together with my friends. Happiness is the state of being happy from the inside reflecting to others. It is an experience of peace and freedom. Happiness is my ultimate goal. I live and plan to be happy. Although I feel depressed in my studies, love life, and family (sometimes), I wanted to grimace every day at least once in a day just to puff my self and ignore those bad things happening to me. I wanted to spend the rest of the day fulfilled and content. I am studying for my future for the reason to be happy.In the near future, my goal to be a successful person is my motivation to happiness. Unhappiness drives me to be happy. I define happiness through my sad experiences. This is ironic? But, I will only define and differentiate happiness from unhappiness when I experience both. I am often goaded by the emotion and I wanted to go through solution in my unhappiness. Most of the time, I eat a lot to counter my unhappiness (Gronbeck, et al. , 1985). I often ask myself if Im happy or not? Every day, I pull a face for the purpose of removing stress and pressure from my problems.Whether I am happy through love life, family, and / or friends, what is important is to feel content. I define happiness in different points / perspective. I define my happiness out of my emotions and experience. I define happiness different from pleasure. I delimit the importance of happiness in an individual. Everything is driven out by my goal to be happy. Moreover, my aspiration to be happy motivates me to be successful in the near future. As I defined earlier what meant happiness, Im happy that I reached the end of speech. I wish you will all be happy at the end of the day.

The Secret Life of Bees Essay Example for Free

The conundrum Life of Bees EssayThe Secret Life of Bees Monk Kidd The Secret Life of Bees is a historical romance by American author Sue Monk Kidd. It is a story of coming-of-age, of the ability of love to transform our lifes. Adressing the wounds of loss, betrayal and the scarcity of love, Kidd demonstratesthe power of women, coming together to retrieve those wounds, to mother each other and themselves, to create a new holy place true family and home. The story received much critical acclaim and was a New York Times bestseller. In 2005 it was adopted into a film by Ginn Prince-Bythewood. The Secret Life of Bees is the story of Lily, a fourteen-year-old girl who runs away from her unloving tyro to search for secrets of her dead mothers past. The setting of the novel is South Carolina in 1964, a sequence when racial tensions were inflamed by civil rights movement and white racistsfrequently violent responses to it. Against this backdrop, Lily and her house-keeper, Rosalin, find nurse in the home of the eccentric Boatwright sisters, three African American beekeepers who worship before the statue of a moody Madonna they call Our Lady in Chains.There Lily finds love and acceptance and begins to come n terms with the quilt she feels over her mothers death. Lily has a special relationship with bees. At night, they get through the cracks of her bedroom wall by the hundreds and fly circles around her room until the air itself pulsating with wings. They seem to bespeak to Lily where is her right path. Every chapter opens with a short description of he life of bees which is always has a familiarity with the plot.In the climax of the story the sisters Boatright, the beekeepers, empart to Lily the sectets of the Black Madonna, mother to thousands. T. Ray Owens is the hateful, peach-farming antagonist of the novel, is feeling particularly meen towards Lily. He is a monstrous and abusive father. There is not apparent love in his heart for Lily whatsoever, an d life story with him only deepens the ubiquitous pain of her motherless existence. Deborah Owensdeath is a source of great anguish and closed book for the confused adolescent, a memory from when she was four that she still cant quite get her notch around.Lilys only true friend is Rosalin, a large black peach-worker who T. Ray brought to the house to like for Lily when her mother died. The Secret Life of Bees is growing-up relation wrapped into a search for ones mother, plunked coldcock into the racially charged South Carolina during the Civil rights movement, set alight with feminine spirituality. It is an inspirational feminist tale with strong female characters. And while it has already proven its mettle as a best-selling novel with universal appeal, it will particularly enchant the female reader.

Corporate Culture is Core Competitiveness Essay Example for Free

Corporate Culture is Core Competitiveness Es placePlaced in rough sea, option of the fittest, many companies are still competitive through the development of hundreds of years the root of the reason is that they put one across their own embodied burnish. Well, whats the corporate grow? Corporate culture refers to the shared values, attitudes, standards, and beliefs that characterize members of an placement and define its nature. Corporate culture is rooted in an organizations goals, strategies, structure, and approaches to labor.Not only does the corporate culture learn its own characteristics, but most importantly that corporate culture is their bosom value which is the first core competitiveness. The corporate culture itself is kind of wisdom, it cant be copied it has deep historical accumulation and precipitation. such(prenominal) as that Respect and best service is one of IBMs core values that are why we call IBM as Big Blue. If we mention blue and everybody knows it is IBM, which culture influences those peoples idea and doing, even wherever they go, they feel proud of that they are or they were in the Big Blue. The corporate culture just likes blood in the body, cant be seen but can feel it and consider it.Regardless of the size of enterprises, large or small, they have their own trouble mode. However, experience management or system management, even other kind of management, all of them will definitely rise to the cultural management in the end. Corporate culture is the source of core competitiveness, which can build the enormous amount of cohesion, make and creativity. The business leaders are also the best founders of corporate culture and implementers. They setup the suitable culture which can give employees a great sense of satisfaction in the spirit level and form a strong sense of belonging. With similar thinking and shared goals, creativity can flourish and create a strong and powerful source of competitiveness.Economic globaliza tion is a trend the competition is no longer just in products but in who has a stronger corporate culture, which can cover in the market, all aspects of the talents and customers. Once the clients accept your culture and would like to do the business with you, and then we can say that corporate culture plays the role and changed to be a strong competitiveness. So I think corporate culture will be the necessity of the enterprise management in the future.

No File Essay Example for Free

No File EssayWhy Lawrence Summers was Wrong In this name Summers portrays simply portrays women as transmissible under dogs, macrocosm that he basis his claim off of genetic variances betrwwen men and women, and the biological differences. He claims that women shy away from more circumstantial math and science palm because they naturally want to nurture a family, leaving them with the lack of desire to want to pursue a high stressed job. He also uses, genetic differences causes more males to have high aptitude for critical thinking. By mentioning scientific reasoning, Summers try to make his claim stronger, thus inarguable, but in this case, he failed. He failed to realize that sometime nurture, and social up-bringing, in some cases, is much stronger than scientific facts. The casual argument suggested in this article is society and how if effects culture and gender roles. Beginning decades ago women were portrayed as being the damsel in distress, whereas men were expected t o be the family hero and safe-keeper. Media usually objectifies women in a light that enable them to think of their worth as low.Christianson, cleary and strongly opposes Summers claim with a great argument. She states the social forces working againt women encouragement ar still pervasive. The act of women being smart and successful, in the social eye, is considered unattractive. The stereotypes condition to women consequently shape the career paths women chose to take. Can you recall any child time book that portrays the spell as the home-maker and not the bread winner. This leads to the fact that nurture is what causes expectections of gender roles to be engraved in their minds, not biology, although it does have a minute effect.From birth usually female infants are socialized, by their own arrive to be dependent, as in the study that showed Mothers of daughters tended to ask their daughters more question, support social interaction, whereas mothers of sons were less verbal, encouraging their sons to be more independent. The fact that women are peace keepers make them fail to realize that they are being discriminated against. We are sometimes oblivious to the fact that we are experiencing social inequality, and accept what we a devoted to us.

Thy Womb and Missing the Target Essay Example for Free

Thy Womb and Missing the Target striveMendozas Thy Womb certainly was non lacking in the areas of cinematography and sound quality. Unlike symmetric masa films that repel higher class moviegoers with their slightly pixelated see to it and muffled dubbing, Thy Womb boasts a crisp cipher with a fitting scoring. Only complementing that is the breathtaking grandeur of the surroundings which includes a stroke of luck for the theatre director with the appearance of two Whale Sharks. However, eye-candy is not enough to capture the hearts of the audience. A pretty picture is only just a picture when the message being conveyed is not seen by the viewing audience.That is my concern with Thy Womb.The secret plan was really slow-paced. Although the conflict was introduced very early in the film, the resolution to this dragged on really long in what Hollywood films would compress into ten minutes or so. For a viewer like me who is used to betting progressing story lines, the sluggi sh development was quite a turn-off. That is a big issue since the audience at present is used to things like instant coffee and fast loading times for web videos. It is possible for the viewers to be focused on how the plot is so dragging that they miss the point of the film. That could be the condition for the films poor performance in cinemas.A critical eye however, would find a certain elegance in how the film slowly develops its community and characters. After further analysis, I was equal to discern a possible point being driven at by the film. The film seems to drag ones feet with scenes and events that name nothing to do with the real(a) conflict, the search for a second wife for Bangas-An. These scenes however, gather in a theme when put together. They feature how the community values tradition and religion. Several festivals, rituals, and practices were featured in the film. few were performed at the expense of the safety of involved parties. Especially focused on is the tradition of putting the keep ups wishes over the wife and how women are treated as objects in such a elderly community. From these it can be said that Thy Womb features a Badjao community in Tawi-Tawi that values tradition supra all else. It is this regard for custom that drives each character as the film progresses.The community as a whole is very much immersed in their tradition. One scene shows the village participating in a festival in the sea, racing boats. whence more of their custom is showcased with a wedding ceremony as well as the meeting of wife prospects for Bangas-An. It is evident that so much value is placed on their traditions that it overshadows their concern for their relationships and safety.While fishing, Bangas-An was shot by thieves. Shaleha nursed him to health and they went back to fishing again scorn this danger. This shows that their custom and livelihood of fishing there is what they have grown accustomed to and they would rather go through an d through that again than have to change. Another scene that shows such an attitude is the wedding ceremony mentioned previously. While the pair off is doing their dance, gunfire is heard and the crowd panics but the couple is told to continue dancing.Their patriarchal mindset is also show by various scenes. At the beginning, Shaleha expresses her desire to adopt. However, Bangas-An preferred to have his own kids and just remarry. Then women are treated like objects in stores as their hand in marriage would have to be bought development dowries. Bangas-An chose his wife based on the price and beauty, not romantic attachment.This value for custom in a patriarchal environment allows the audience to understand the driving force of the couples actions. Bangas-An and Shaleha obviously have a healthy marriage. One scene shows Bangas-An giving Shaleha expensive clothing for no apparent reason. Then the couple patch up love despite its fruitlessness. But then, Bangas-Ans desire to have a fry of his own blood overshadows their marriage and forces them to separate. His new wife tells him that aft(prenominal) the first child she bears him, he would have to leave Shaleha.Only reinforcing the point that the community values tradition above all else, he does make the deal and cuts ties with Shaleha after his first child is born. Shaleha does not go against this because of the patriarchy. Throughout the movie, she herself deals with Bangas-Ans remarriage even if she was not comfortable with the whole thing. Shecooperated with all the rituals and negotiations. But then only putting emphasis on the actual place of women in that community, in the end she was put aside by the very man she helped.In the end, the slow pace of the movie actually had purpose. Every part that featured custom showed how the community was very involved and hands-on in tradition and religion. Each scene with the couple only showed how much they love each other. This only fortified the reasoning for Bangas-Ans decision to take his new wife over Shaleha. With this, the movie actually presents conflicting emotions and sentiment every character feels. It was not a montage of dilly-dallying after all, but a subtle manner of sending a message.

An inspector calls Essay Example for Free

An tester calls EssayAfter reading an tester calls, I am certain it is obvious to any one who reads it that the tester is non what he appears to be at all. At first you shit no suspicions of the Inspector, save as the play moves on it slowly dawns on you that the Inspector might be an impostor. The inspector also has major impacts on some of the characters. He is Priestleys vehicle for his views on social responsibility. He represents social conscience. He has moral dimension.The Inspectors name, Goole, has noteworthy signifi brookce. Ghoul has the same sound and its meat has a great bearing on the play. A Ghoul is an evil spirit To Birling, and his upper path peers this is an exact analysis of the Inspector. The thought of the Inspector being something extraordinary seems to be briefly confronted by Sheila but it is dismissed just as quickly. Another theory might be that the Inspector represents truth and is not a real person at all but just a representative of justice . I ideate that this is a genuinely plausible idea and probably Priestleys own thought. He could be a spirit representing the future, the Birlings chance of repent, although only Eric and Sheila recognize this.They are the only ones to realise that they have ruined this girls keep and it could be their doings that sent her to this horrible end. The Inspector could also be as real as all the other characters in body and can eat and drink and is solid. I think that the inspector may have gone back in time or there might have been a time slip of some sort to make accredited that these people new what they had done. I think there is a possibility that the Inspector could be Eva Smith and just goes back to holiday resort them. This maybe quite far fetched by I would not rule it out completely, because if it were true thus it would explain everything.The main role of the inspector is his forcing role, which he uses to overpower the other characters to admit to their secrets. He appe ars to the characters to be very rude at times, but this rudeness only adds to the factor at which he can interrogate the characters, and also provokes them admit to their wrongdoings, I know. I had her turned out of a job. I started it. virtually characters take longer to acknowledge their secrets than others. They try to hide, but cannot escape from the inspector. For example Mr. Birling, a very indomitable man, who, even when he confesses to hisconcealment, believes that it has nothing to do with the death, and believes that he has nothing to do with it at all.Other characters exchangeable Sheila and Eric admit and dont try to hide it, and know that they had added to the tragic death of Eva Smith. They know that the inspector is right, and if they hadnt done what they did, thus Eva Smith would still be alive. Sheila in particular is very guilty and gets very emotional. The inspector has disoblige with getting them all to admit themselves, Inspector, Ive told you before, I do nt like your tone.I dont propose to give you much more rotary however he knows they had something to do with it, and he knew exactly what that was as well. This may have helped him.The inspector makes his views on social responsibility clear. He believes that we are all responsible for one another and should act together as a community, helping those of us who are less fortunate. Ironically, Mr Birling has the opposite view to the inspector. When the inspector arrives he is discussing business with Gerald and says that he thinks you are responsible for yourself and your family only. Mr Birling is absolutely against the idea of communism. Priestley expresses his views on communism through the inspector demonstrating to the reader how important it is to care for others in your community.In conclusion I think that the Inspector is as real as every one else in the play but I think that he represents justice or truth and is a form of angel or something on those lines. The play can on ly be understood after it is closely reviewed. I am sure that there will always be a sense of mystery about this play who was the inspector? What was the Inspector? Will we ever know? His role in the play is forcing to discover the characters terrible secrets and return them with a lasting impression as well as a lot to think about. Priestley has very strong views on social responsibility which are expressed through the inspector.

Revolutionizing a Better Era of Technology in the Future of Medicine Essay Example for Free

Revolutionizing a Better succession of Technology in the upcoming of Medicine EssayAlan Kay states, The best way to predict the rising is to construct it yourself (qtd. in Garreau 88). Many Ameri ceases ponder what the future top executive hold. Will technology bring a juvenile era to mankind or provide it be the end to all eternity? Ray Kurzweil, discoverer of the year by MIT, argues he is convinced that treat is moving sufficiently fast therefore, any somebody who can stay healthy for the next 20 years may so benefit from the fit in biological technology as to be immortal (Garreau 90-91). With the advancements of medical technology continuing to mounting, this mention illustrates that the future lead pose for a give out mankind. Organizations such as The Defense Advanced enquiry Projects Agency known as DARPA, The Continuous Assisted Performance known as CAP, and The National scientific discipline Foundation fund studies that demonstrate how inherit sufficie nt design lead repair Americas future by developing a bigger, better, stronger individual (Garreau 19-35). Each day as the advancements of technology doubles, the world leave behind short not worry slightly diseases and health everyday gene technology will better our minds, bodies, and most future generations, thus making the Heaven Scenario. In the Article Gene Technology and waver Engineering Andree, department of Plastic and Surgery, Freiburg University Hospital, states Gene therapy is based on the concept for certain proteins or polypeptides into a cell and, thus, may be used for potential modulation of tissue. Genes can be delivered using both an in vitro approach, and with viral or non-viral vectors. Genes may therefore be stable, or transiently expressed by the cells (93).This fact illustrates the concept of genetic manipulation and how each cell is expressed. Both Rob DeSalle, Ph.D. in surgical incision of Invertebrates, and Michael Yudell, MPH in Molecular Laborato ries, summarize that the study of Genomics will have a major impact in medical services. If doctors knew how to discover someones exact diseases, indeed they can transform and cleanse those cells to stop in in its act (117-118). With the help from DARPA and CAP and the study and treatmentsof Gene therapy, Americans will soon find themselves living eternal and healthier lives. DARPA funded by Michael Goldbatt, is one of the worlds foremost drivers of kind-hearted deepenment (Garreau 19). Their vision is to accelerate the future into be (Garreau 21). DARPA help fund the computer mouse, graphics, weather satellites, and umpteen other technologies (Garreau 25). One independent agency that works strongly with DARPA is CAP managed by John Carney (Garreau 28). CAPs favour over DARPA is the laboratory. One idea that they are studying is finding an enzyme that appears only in bacteria simply not in us. It might exist only for a brief time in the bacteria, that without it, that life form cannot exist. Then you attack it (Garreau 28-30). Organizations such as DARPA and CAP strive to make unstoppable human beings. For instance, take the well-developed movie Gattaca which came to theaters in 2010 and was about a man that manipulates his DNA to hide his identity operator to be a more(prenominal) advanced, genetically engineered, human being. No one is capable of stopping him from suitable a better meaningful species to society.Most Americans strive to build themselves up to become the best they can be. Americans study the use of DNA manipulation in bodies and cells to help fight off diseases and illnesses such as the common cold or flu. Goldblatt proclaims, We do not fear the unknown, and we relish exploring the unknowable (Garreau 19). Americans should be more like this quote and strive to become the best species that has ever existed. DARPA is studying a vaccine that will help in pain management. Such vaccines will make milestones in terms of medicine. If so meone is contuse they will feel the first trigger of pain but the pain will soon fall (Garreau 19-28). This pain vaccine will have some(prenominal) benefits to Americans dealing with diseases and to society. The National Science Foundation believed in the Heaven Scenario They predicted in 10-20 years the world will evolve much better. Wearable sensors will enhance every persons awareness of his or her health condition, environment, chemical pollutants, potential hazards, and information of avocation about local business, natural resources, and the like. The human body will be more durable, healthy, ener prolongic, easier to repair, and resistant to many kinds of stress, biological threats, and aging process, and technologies will compensated for many physical and mental disabilities and will eradicate altogether some handicaps that have plagues the lives of millions of people. (qtd. in Garreau 112-113) This statementunveiled a world where technology advancements will get along w ith in a way that Americans are capable of being healthier and happier individuals. The effects of genetic engineering impacts the future by manipulating genes to help Americans live extended. Enzo Russo and David Cove, authors of genic Engineering Dreams and Nightmares, tell a brief myth about a little girl that was suffering from a disease called Severe Combined insubordinate Deficiency.She was the first known human being to be treated using gene therapyAfter devil years of therapy, this young girl was able to attend school normally, to swim, dance, ice skate with her family and friends (117-118). With this example it substantially shows the achievements of Gene Therapy and how Americans greatly benefit from them. Children will have the privilege to go out and play or do whatever else their little imagination wants to do so they can be just like every other child. If doctors had a way to catch or see a disease beforehand it overtakes someones body then they would be able to do something about it. Jacobs, consultant genetic counsellor Guys and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, believes Early identification of individuals with, or at put on the line of, hereditary disease can make a difference to patients and families in terms of accessing genetic services, beforehand(predicate) detection and risk-reducing measures. Several clinical guidelines recommend undertaking family history assessment in clinical conniption (Jacobs, Chris, Christine 38). Jacobs also states that Recognizing when off spring may be at risk of genetic condition such as cystic fibrosis, Duschenne muscular dystrophy or Huntingtons disease, can help couples to make choices about prenatal testing and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis. These procedures increase the possibility of a healthy baby and reduce the risk of passing the mutation to future generations (Jacobs, Chris, Christine 38). With this possibility, think of how it will make a new era to mankind. Parents no longer have to worry about unborn babies and whether they will have the same disease as their ancestors.Another person that was influenced by Gene Therapy is Gregory Stock. Stock, director on Medicine, Technology, and society at the school of medicine of California, proclaims In the future Americans will benefit from using Artificial Chromosomes. Future generations will be able to switch out one or two chromosomes that may be transferring diseases with a stronger chromosome (qtd. in Garreau 116-117). in that respect are many believers of the Heaven Scenario although all the outcomesmight not be the same. Ray Kurzweil, who was granted the national medal of technology, was the inventor of the Heaven Scenario. He stated is there is no problem or contend that there is not an idea to overcome that problem (qtd. in Garreau 115). This statement argues that no matter how difficult something might proclaim to be, there will forever and a day be a new improved way to get thru. In terms of medicine, ther e will always be new inventions of technology and drugs that will make a better advancement then the former. No matter what the statistics say technology will always have an astonishing outcome. If Americans had the opportunity to formulate themselves at a higher level of humanity then why not go for it? (Garreau 115)Most Americans dream that one day the world will be a heavenly place for all humanity. With the advancements of new medical technology doubling and continuing to climb up this progressive ladder, Americans soon will be bigger, stronger, and healthier individuals. The inventions of new drugs, either injected or manipulated into genes, will influence making the outcome of the Heaven Scenario true. If more organizations like previously stated DARPA and CAP stay to find new ways of implementing and then attacking infections and disease Americans will live much longer non-stressful lives. Imagine the outcome of waking up clear headed and pain free with no worries in sight. Future generations will have the knowledge and ability to know when a bad enzyme links on and attacks cells furthermore, being able to stop the infection before it explodes and travels thru DNA. It will be a new era to mankind. Americans will be able to determine and choose how their children turn out. Children will be healthier and live longer lambent lives. Like my opening quote the best way to predict the future is to invent it yourself. detrimental controversies about technology being the end of mankind should not influence Americans into not believing in the Heaven Scenario, thus sit back and watch the never ending achievements and outcomes of Gene therapy transmute the world into a better brighter norm.Works CitedAndree, C., et al. Gene Technology and Tissue Engineering. Minimally Therapy Allied Technologies 11.3 (2002) 93-99. Academic count Premier. Web. 18 March 2014. DeSalle and Michael Yudell. Welcome To The Genome A Users Guide to Genetic Past, Present, and Future. Can ada John Wiley Sons. Inc., 2005. Print. Garreau, Joel. pedestal Evolution The Promise and Peril of Enhancing Our Minds, Our Bodies- and What It Means to Be Human. New York Random House, 2005. Print. Jacobs, Chris, and Christine Patch. Identifying Individuals Who Might Benefit From Genetic Services And Information. Nursing Standard. 28.9 (2013) 37-42. Academic Search Premier. Web. 18 March 2014. Russo and David Cove. Genetic Engineering Dreams and Nightmares. Oxford New York capital of Japan Oxford University Press, 1998. Print.

Marketing Philosophy Essay Example for Free

foodstuff Philosophy EssayEfforts of reexaminationing and manikinling trade elements, concepts and philosophical attitudes were numerous and effective. But with parvenu challenges cavictimization hurdles in making trade function to a greater extent effective on macro- and micro- level of the economy, a revision of merchandise philosophy is always at place. Elements of sell philosophyDibb and Simkin (2004) Lancaster and Reynolds (2005) Blythe (2005) Drummond and Ensor (2005) Morgan (1996) 1. toil druthers 2. Financial orientation 3. Sales orientation 4. trade orientation 5. client orientation 6. Competitor orientation 7. Interfunctional Coordination 1. Production orientation 2. Sales orientation 3. Marketing Orientation 1. Production orientation 2. Product orientation 3. Sales orientation 4. Customer orientation 5. Societal market 6. alliance Marketing 1. Production orientation 2. Product orientation 3. Sales orientation 4. Financial orientation 5. Marketing Orie ntation 1. Cost philosophy 2. Product philosophy 3. Production philosophy 4. Sales philosophy 5. world-wide philosophy 6. Marketing philosophy 7. neighborly selling philosophyAs indicated in Table 1, authors play to use various terms for the elements of market philosophy a) orientation (Dibb and Simkin, 2004 Lancaster and Reynolds, 2005 Blythe, 2005 Drummond and Ensor, 2005) b) philosophy (Morgan, 1996)c) concept (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008). horizontal the Lithuanian authors, who wrote the first university book on market, professors Pranulis, Pajuodis, Virvilaite and Urbonavicius (1999, 2000 and 2008) have used the Lithuanian counterpart word orientation. side by side(p) this broad tendency of the term orientation usage, here(predicate), in this article, the choice of the orientation term will be applied. The renowned American professors Kotler and Armstrong (2008, pp.9-12) indicated that their choice of merchandise management orientations were as follows* the fruit conc ept,* the product concept,* the sell concept,* the market concept.* the societal merchandising concept.A similar opinion was expressed by a group of Lithuanian merchandising professors, where they classified market orientations as follows (Pranulis et al., 1999, 2000) a) production orientation, b) product orientation, c) selling orientation, d) merchandise orientation e) complaisantethical trade orientation. Because of the difficulty of incorporating all the various facets of merchandising into a single definition, Lancaster and Reynolds (2005) distinguished features of the subject in the undermentivirtuosod statements (Lancaster and Reynolds, 2005, p.16) Marketing is dynamic and operational, requiring action as well as planning. Marketing requires an improved form of commercial enterprise disposal, although this on its own is non enough. Marketing is an in-chief(postnominal) functional area of management, often based in a single physical location. More importantly, it is an general business philosophy that should be adopted by e precisebody in the entire organic law. The trade concept states that the identification, happiness and retention of clients is the appoint to long-term survival and prosperity. Marketing involves planning and falsify. The principle of merchandise states that all business decisions should be made with primary claimation of node requirements. Marketing revolve slightlyes attention from production towards the unavoidably and wants of the market place. Marketing is concerned with obtaining value from the market by whirl items of value to the market. It does this by producing goods and services that satisfy the genuine subscribes and wants of peculiar(prenominal)ally delineate train markets. The distinguishing feature of a marketing oriented organisation is the way in which it strives to provide customer atonement as a way of achieving its own business objectives. The author of the article proposes the following perception on the classification of marketing orientations, which constitute the marketing philosophy essence1) the production orientation,2) the product orientation,3) the financial orientation,4) the selling orientation,5) the marketing orientation,6) the market orientation (which extends to natural and external orientations),7) the social-ethical marketing orientation,8) the holistic marketing orientation (which extends to internal marketing orientation, integrated marketing orientation, social marketing orientation relationship marketing orientation). The holistic marketing concept was proposed by Kotler and Keller (2007) tho it was not mentioned or wider discussed in the textbook of Principles of Marketing (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008), but introduced in their co-operative book on Marketing Management (2007). For this reason, it is viable to include this new orientation in the proposed model (Figure 3), as it integrated at least four former(a) sub-orientations a) int ernal marketing orientation, b) integrated marketing orientation, c) social marketing orientation and d) relationship marketing orientation.Internal marketing orientation will be send offly dealing with a Marketing Department within an organisation. It will directly subordinate to the precedential management level and other organisational department, emphasising the organisational culture and micro-climate, suitable for effective work and success factors in marketing movement. Integrated marketing orientation would focus towards integrated marketing communications, the cost-effective selection of marketing take and integrated development of products and services within the scope, demand and challenges of the national and international markets.Social marketing orientation would be focusing on the concept of societal marketing proposed by Kotler and Armstrong (2008), where the basic societal marketing triangle is based on the well-being of the community, incorporating the corporat e social responsibility of companies and non-profit organisations, legal issues and environmental security measure issues, which alto bushelher streamline the sustainable development of the economy and consumption patterns. Relationship marketing orientation would be concerned with fostering the customer social club relationship with consumers, offering value added products and services.This orientation will also foster the connection-partner party (B2B) relationship, seeking trust and reliability in partner selection solve and its maintenance for coming years. Therefore, marketing channels should be effectively developed to reduce costs and enhance profitability ratios for all terce market participants a) producers, b) distributors and sellers, c) consumers. The market orientation is proposed to be grouped as internal and external orientations. Though Narver and woodlouse (1990) proposed a model that identified the components of market orientation as Customer orientation, whi ch constitutes customers perceptions and understanding by customers creating value, offering cost-effective final results to satisfy their needs. Competitor orientation emphasises one of the marketings functions, i.e., to seek competitive receipts in the market. Competitor analysis, performed in various techniques (e.g. PESTED analysis, Porters forces analysis, Boston matrix analysis, etc.), gives a company tools to objectively evaluate competitors capabilities and results on the market. Organizational culture if analysed on an individual basis could be every included into market orientation factor or in the holistic marketing orientation, depending how integrative the marketing philosophy is on an organisational level.Organisational culture should support customer service and customer relationship development throughemployee performance prism. Interfunctional coordination should focus on the interaction between internal functional areas of the organization which best serve cus tomer need and satisfaction, which in other cases would correspond to the relationship marketing orientation (Kotler and Keller, 2007). Long-term focus would incorporate the consideration of how the above can be sustained, and financially viable, over the long term.In this paper the suggest by Drummond et al (2000) is closer to the authors perception of market orientation, at that placefore the constituent separate of the market orientation are considered to be the balance betweena) External market orientation customers, competitors and other external ventureholders. b) Internal market orientation employees and other internal stakeholders.Marketing OrientationThe term marketing is used extensively in modern life. If you stop someone in the street and ask them what it means, they will probably use words like advertising, market research and a modern word for selling. In fact, marketing is a lot more than erect selling, advertising and research, although all of these functions ar e important aspects of marketing.The leased Lrstitute of Marketing in the UK defines marketing as follows Marketing is the management process which identifies, prognosticates, and supplies customer requirements efficiently and profitably. So what is marketing orientation? In the next sections we shall explore this. First we will consider what it means for an organisation to adopt a marketing-based business philosophy. We shall then consider the evolution of the marketing concept and look at how marketing orientation has influenced organizational structures in business.An Overview of a Marketing-based Business PhilosophyThe points below describe marketing and its role in a marketing based business philosophy. We shall then go on to consider a marketing-based philosophy in more detail. * Marketing is a management process, and the support of management for the marketing concept is a key element in its success. Today, a company has to be marketing orientated if it is to be successful. * Marketing is involved with identifying customer requirements usually with market research. * We have to consider current needs and anticipate the requirements of the customer in the future. This requires planning a very important aspect of the marketing process. The satisfaction of the needs will require the supplier to provide benefits the skillful market offering at the right place at the right time.* Truly market-driven companies adopt strategic level marketing, where marketing has a key role in defining the long-term objectives and mission of the company. In this way, a strategic framework is formal whereby the customer is placed at the centre of the organisations activities. * Marketing is not just for profit-making companies. Marketing is for any organisation that has customers, and that includes charities and government bodies.Very many selling jobs in fact are in non-profit-making organisations, although very often the the great unwashed who have those jobs would not think of themselves as salespeople Marketing is a business philosophy, the process responsible for anticipating, identifying and satisfying customer current and future needs. The marketing philosophy developed out of the need by producer manufacturers, whose focus was on efficient production, to compete more effectively in their markets.They glum their attention away from mass production at lowest unit cost to try to anticipate the specific needs of customers and produce products/services whose benefits would satisfy those needs. Marketing is sometimes referred to as a pressure outline. The principle is that we understand customer needs and produce products or services, which meet those needs through specific benefits. Customers will want to purchase products or services, which they perceive as meeting their needs and wants.Literature review on marketing challenges in the new millennium The precondition, which fostered to review the challenges for the marketing in the new millen nium, was the statements in various forms and shapes, which appeared during the past decade in text books, social ne dickensrks, media and social forums. The selection of disturbing statements were selected and presented here for the discussion. The biased perception of marketing functions and orientations at the dawn of the new millennium is not compelling. Traditional ( unoriginal) marketing is visualised as a doomed function, notwithstanding the critics of modern marketing practice.The critics bring up the issues of helpless customers, mass marketing and viral marketing. Therefore, a more perfect change for marketing is at stake towards a more personal touch in the field, as well emphasised by Spellings (2009). Boynett and Boynett (2003) in their book on The Guru Guide to Marketing A Concise Guide to the Best Ideas from Todays Top Marketers have also identified a number of citations, which question the future of marketing and its conventional functionality. It is apparent tha t marketing is becoming a multi-disciplinary theory, which inevitably incorporates postmodernist aspects of the markets and consumption patterns and consumer behaviour. Selected statements on the death of handed-down marketing in the new millennium Authors/sources StatementsBoyett and Boyett (2003, p.1) Death-of-marketing gurus rationalize their hyperbole by explaining that marketing is in the throes of fundamental change. World of DTC Marketing (2008) Conventional marketing is dead Bishop (2009) Marketing is dead long live marketing Attracting consumers in the post-mass marketing era Big Marketing Ideas (2009) The reason we say viral marketing is dead is not because content no longer spreads in the same way quite the contrary. But the persuasion that you could get to a flash game or a funny video and expect it to get a million hits and downloads within a week is now patently nave. Wymore (2009) Forget direct mail, television advertising, and other mass media marketing. They j ust dont work anymore. Traditional marketing is dead. In other words, these marketing chestnuts simply dont stand out in todays noisy media market. Spellings (2009) Mass Marketing is Dead. Make Way For in-person Marketing The days of mass marketing are coming to an end as we enter a new era of personal marketing. Personal marketing will require more work, more preparation, and smarter implementation, but the rewards will be vastly let on than the mass marketing approach.Selected marketing challenges in the new millenniumSutton and Klein (2003) Blythe (2005) Kashani (2005) Brown (2008) Kotler and Armstrong (2008) Bishop (2009) Increasing market complexity Accelerating demand for speed to market Growing need to capture marketing knowl inch Increasing accessibility of innovative marketing technologies Escalating demand for marketing efficiency and effectiveness Relationship marketing development dish quality enhancement Internet marketing development Marketing ethics Mar keting strategy revisited Commoditisation (change in technologies, more informed customer, more intense competition) Consolidation(mergers acquisitions) Power shift Margin erosion Value focus Postmodern challenges Hyperreality Fragmentation Reversed production and consumption Decentred subjects Juxtaposition of opposites The new digital age quick globalisation The call for more ethics and social responsibility Growth of non-profit marketing Aggressive innovations mental synthesis a strong value mesmerism Engagement and connection to the customer Delivering customer experiences at or above expectationsIt could be generalised that marketing in the 21st century presents many new postmodern challenges (see Table 3) shrinking markets, which in effect implies fragmentation and decentralised subjects (Brown, 2008), followed by increasing market complexity (Sutton and Klein, 2003) and market globalisation (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008) green issues (Blythe, 2005), more marketing ethics (Blythe, 2005 Kotler and Armstrong, 2008) and social responsibility (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008) marketing strategy revisited (Blythe, 2005) through accelerating the demand for marketing efficiency and effectiveness (Sutton and Klein, 2003) and speed to market (Sutton and Klein, 2003), and aggressive innovations (Bishop, 2009) advancements in technologies in the digital age (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008), including Internet, commoditisation (Kashani, 2005), communications (Bishop, 2009), internet marketing development (Blythe, 2005), increasing availability of innovative marketing technologies (Sutton and Klein, 2003) engagement and connection to the customer (Bishop, 2009), through service quality enhancement (Blythe, 2005), delivering customer experiences at or above expectations (Bishop, 2009), rapidly changing public attitudes towards consumption (Sutton and Klein, 2003) building a strong value proposition (Bishop, 2009) through growing need to capture marketi ng knowledge (Sutton and Klein, 2003), power shift (Kashani, 2005) and reversed production and consumption (Brown, 2008).Therefore, marketers are facing the re-evaluation of marketing strategy, applying new tools and sophisticated techniques in the new millennium, where changes are of a constant nature. Ultimately, the firms who take the grea stress pity of their customers interests are the ones most likely to maintain their competitive edge in a cut-throat world (Blythe, 2005 p.332). The case of deep brown bars applying marketing orientations and marketing challenges in the new millennium. In practice, each company selects business and marketing philosophy which suits it best. The decision depends on the companys type, size, products and services it produces, distributes and sells and etc. In order to apply marketing orientations and marketing challenges to a practical situation, two companies in coffee bars sector a) an international company STARBUCKS (the USA) andb) a national company coffee INN (Lithuania).Their briefs and marketing philosophies will be discussed bellow.The case of Starbucks (the USA)Probably one of the most historied brands in the United States and now in the whole world, reflecting the specific lifestyle of the few generations, is definitely Starbucks. Starbucks is the largest coffee-house company in the world, offering a wide range of various coffees, hot and cold coffee and non-coffee drinks, sandwiches and sweet-flavored snacks. Founded in 1979, only as a coffee bean retailer Starbucks became a coffee-house selling coffee drinks as well as beans, when its present headmaster Howard Schultz came in and bought the company from its former owners in 1987. Since then, an terrible quick expansion in the Unites States, and from 1996 in the whole world, has begun. Now, Starbucks owns approximately 16 000 stores in the world and announces about opening 900 new stores outside United States in 2009 (on the other hand, Starbucks is closing th e same amount of stores in the United States) (www.strabucks.com).It is obvious, that much(prenominal) a big success would be impossible without well selected and formulated marketing philosophy. As one of the most innovative companies in the world Starbucks has chosen social-ethical marketing orientation and declares care for the environment and common wealth as well as for people. The main idea of their philosophy is defined in the Starbucks mission statement. Starbucks has two mission statements which are placed in the official companys website To inspire and nurture human spirit one person, one cup, and one neighbourhood at a time and Starbucks is committed to a role of environmental leadership in all facets of our business (www.strabucks.com). Social-ethical marketing orientation is getting a trendy buzz word, as environmental and ecological problems are on the increase.Some years ago Starbucks was criticised for wasting resources by using paper and plastic cups, for wasting piss and even funding Israel army (Vitkus, 2009). Now this company is shown as the best example of environmental neighbourly business in the business schools around the world. Starbucks announces its corporate social responsibility Annual reports for the public here the company describes their attention to the employees, customers and the environment, manifesting marketing orientation, marketorientation and holistic marketing orientation. They started to use cups from recycled paper or biodegradable plastic. Social responsibility is also emphasised in their coffee-bars design, posters and various promotional campaigns (the integrated marketing sub-orientation in the holistic marketing orientation).According to Pranulis et al (2008), the main idea of marketing orientation is to require the circle of firm clients rather than one-time buyers. Starbucks could be called a champion in this field too. The chairman of Starbucks Howard Schultz explains, that a person gets more than just coffee when he/she visits Starbucks he gets great people, first-rate music and a comfortable and well-being meeting place (www.strabucks.com). Thats why people all around the world are impulsive to pay for coffee more than in other coffee-bars they buy and experience, not a drink (the selling orientation). According to Howard Schultz, Starbucks build personal relationships with each of their customers (this implies the relationship marketing sub-orientation in the holistic marketing orientation).Even the waiters at Starbucks are called baristas to make them feel exceptional and proud about their workplace, not to feel just simple service workers (internal marketing sub-orientation in the holistic marketing orientation). Another core element of marketing concept (Pranulis et al., 2008, Kotler and Keller, 2007) is to appeal to customers needs. Starbucks does everything to achieve its costumers satisfaction. They were the first who offered free internet at their coffee-bars and st arted to open the stores 10 legal proceeding before the actual opening time just to make customers always feel welcome and happy.viral marketing has also become one of the most important features of Starbucks. You can hardly find and advertising in any newspaper or marketplace, but they build extremely strong relationships by using social networks, internet and mouth-to-mouth marketing, which means Starbucks meets the marketing challenges of a) the digital age, b) value proposition, c) connecting to customers, d) corporate social responsibility, e) green issues and f) overall revised marketing strategy, g) market shrinking factors (as Starbucks was forced to close down 600 coffee-bars in the USA during the stinting slowdown (Milasius, 2008)). The case of Coffee auberge (Lithuania)The other company selected for a comparative study is a national company, located only in Lithuania. Coffee order is a coffee-bars chain opened a few years ago in Vilnius, the capital city of the count ry. Started from just one coffee-bar, Coffee order now owns 7 coffee-bars in Vilnius and one in Kaunas in 2007 (Vaitiekuniene, 2007). At first, Coffee guild came into the market with the same concept as Starbucks did. It sells coffee and various coffee drinks, served in paper cups, sandwiches and desserts in small, cosy coffee-bars, located in the city centre. The main difference between Starbucks and Coffee lodge is that Starbucks is a big global company (the globalisation challenge) and can afford applying social-ethical marketing orientation, eyepatch Coffee inn is still too small to afford huge investments for various socialprojects and campaigns and it has chosen the marketing orientation.However, Coffee club expands constantly, therefore, sooner or later this company will also apply social-ethical marketing oreintation (now Coffee Inn supports various cultural festivals, such as cultural night Tebnie naktis, or Street music day, not financially, but by helping to promote them, or by prolonging their opening hours during these festivals). The main idea, the co-owner of Coffee Inn Nidas Kiuberis explains, is that they sell a feeling of pleasure rather than just a cup of coffee (Obcarskaite, 2009). It seems extremely similar to Starbucks idea. The waiters are called baristas too, Coffee Inn also offers free internet access and their menu is quite similar to Starbucks one. Lithuanians sometimes even claim that Coffee Inn tries to copy Starbucks.On the other hand, there are a lot of cafeterias offering similar facilities (e.g., Vero Cafe, Double Coffee and etc.), and Coffee Inn is not an exception. However, Coffee Inn is a lot smaller as coffee-bars chain than Starbucks and for this reason it is much easier to control it. Being small enables Coffee Inn to be more flexible and to react to customers demands and wants quicker and to create new demands and wants at the same time (marketing orientation). Coffee Inn constantly offers new drinks, snacks and oth er features (product orientation). They were one of the first who invited customers to come together with their pets, set free book collection and invited everyone to come to read or to donate a book (the communication challenge).While talking about customers loyalty, new technologies play an important part here too (the technological challenge) Coffee Inn keeps exceptionally close relationships with its customers using Facebook social network, writing the blog and honestly replying to all the letters and comments. The co-owner Nidas Kiuberis maintains the Coffee Inn blog himself this is very important, as customers notice, that director of the company itself pays attention to their opinion (Milasius, 2008).Nidas Kiuberis explains, they are following guerilla marketing ideas, because it is the best solution for a small business without large budget, where creativity and energy are the most important things (Obcarskaite, 2009). viral marketing and personal blog writing costs nothing and gives better results, than advertisement on TV your loyalty for customers loyalty, these are the things every company seeks, especially in a crisis time (Obcarskaite, 2009). As a result, Coffee Inn has created a steady circle of loyal customers, who are indifferent to similar competitors, such as Vero Cafe, offers.The Evolution of the Marketing ConceptMarketing is basically about anticipating and serving customer needs, but where does the concept come from? In fact, even though the term marketing quite modern, the idea of customer orientation is as old as trade itself. For example, if we looked at a pre-Industrial Revolution village, we would see a number of trades-people such as the blacksmith at work. These people provided the villagers with what they wanted. There was no question of producing large volumes of goods and presumptuous that people would take them. Everything was made to order the customer had needs and the supplier met them.ConclusionsIn the changing market en vironment with changing customer behaviour and seeking business opportunities, companies face marketing challenges on a daily basis. In the process of theoretical research, a modified model of marketing orientations, which form the marketing philosophy, was proposed, comprising eight major orientations, where market orientation and the holistic marketing orientation are split into merely sub-orientations.The other task for the author was to review and structure marketing challenges in the new millennium and test these issues in two cases of coffee-bars sector on international (Starbucks) and national (Coffee Inn in Lithuania) markets. Starbucks and Coffee Inn both follow similar marketing orientations. Starbucks follows social-ethical marketing orientation as a basis of business, while Coffee Inn is being still guided by the marketing orientation.Both companies sell an experience, rather than just coffee and image is very important for the customers of these companies as they are m ainly young people (20-40 years of age, Miksys, 2008). Both companies use viral marketing techniques, though Coffee Inn can create closer relationships with its customers, because it is able to react to changes quicker. Loyal customers could be called the biggest strength and competitive advantage of these companies as they do not compete on price, just by creating exceptional atmosphere.